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Partial researchResearch snapshot 2026-09-13. Evidence gaps remain; see Coverage for requirements.

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Office briefing

VOLIO — Syndic and district council — shared ballot

Tracked current office. Identifiers stay separate from display names.

Costa Rica · VOLIO / ALAJUELA · other · Syndic and district council — shared ballotCR-D-ALAJUELA-SAN-RAMON-VOLIO

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TSE vote books joined to official elected-member declarations where geographic and total checks reconcile. Substitutes retained separately. Subsequent replacements and current officeholder status require review.

1. What office, where, and when is the next election?

Geography
VOLIO / ALAJUELA
Next election
2028-02-06
Linked upcoming event
next-28940c6a3127cdb80a34dd7a
Registry qualification
Unknown

2. How certain is that date?

2028-02-06 is expected (not formally called). Day precision. A date without a formal call is not confirmed.

3. Who won earlier selected elections?

2024-02-04

Ordinary · Legal certification not established · list votes

  • UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANA45.8%
  • LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL41.5%
  • NUEVA REPÚBLICA10.0%
  • RECICLADORES Y VISIONARIOS2.7%
Results for event-172b44d4e8e0e2484fc7c42d
Label / candidateParty codeVotesShareSeatsStatus
UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAcosta-rica/Sc1df243471/202437345.8%3Recorded
LIBERACIÓN NACIONALcosta-rica/Sc1df243471/202433841.5%2Recorded
NUEVA REPÚBLICAcosta-rica/Sc1df243471/20248110%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
RECICLADORES Y VISIONARIOScosta-rica/Sc1df243471/2024222.7%0 (recorded zero)Recorded

2020-02-02

Ordinary · Legal certification not established · list votes

  • LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL64.6%
  • INTEGRACIÓN NACIONAL20.4%
  • UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANA8.1%
  • ACCIÓN CIUDADANA4.3%
  • RESTAURACIÓN NACIONAL2.6%
Results for event-456a0bddf95369da2319e251
Label / candidateParty codeVotesShareSeatsStatus
LIBERACIÓN NACIONALcosta-rica/Sfa91292290/202052564.6%4Recorded
INTEGRACIÓN NACIONALcosta-rica/Sfa91292290/202016620.4%1Recorded
UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAcosta-rica/Sfa91292290/2020668.1%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
ACCIÓN CIUDADANAcosta-rica/Sfa91292290/2020354.3%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
RESTAURACIÓN NACIONALcosta-rica/Sfa91292290/2020212.6%0 (recorded zero)Recorded

2016-02-07

Ordinary · Legal certification not established · list votes

  • LIBERACIÓN NACIONAL45.6%
  • NUEVA GENERACIÓN18.1%
  • ACCIÓN CIUDADANA13.3%
  • UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANA7.6%
  • REPUBLICANO SOCIAL CRISTIANO6.7%
  • LIGA RAMONENSE4.3%
  • FRENTE AMPLIO2.8%
  • RENOVACIÓN COSTARRICENSE1.5%
Results for event-9d2af0ef52bbbd050141a28b
Label / candidateParty codeVotesShareSeatsStatus
LIBERACIÓN NACIONALcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/201630545.6%3Recorded
NUEVA GENERACIÓNcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/201612118.1%1Recorded
ACCIÓN CIUDADANAcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/20168913.3%1Recorded
UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/2016517.6%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
REPUBLICANO SOCIAL CRISTIANOcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/2016456.7%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
LIGA RAMONENSEcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/2016294.3%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
FRENTE AMPLIOcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/2016192.8%0 (recorded zero)Recorded
RENOVACIÓN COSTARRICENSEcosta-rica/S79669f3e5d/2016101.5%0 (recorded zero)Recorded

4. Competition and volatility

competition index

Provisional imported-series CI

7.110–100 historical closeness

Actual-event and/or comparability review incomplete

Comparison status: Provisional imported-series comparison; actual-event review open

Method ci.weighted-gap.v1. Inputs: latest_gap=4.299754299754305, oldest_gap=27.50373692077728, previous_gap=44.15744157441574

pedersen volatility

Provisional volatility

50.36percentage points

Grouped Pedersen lower bound (percentage points). Twelve explicitly named standalone national parties; accent variants normalized. Local parties and coalitions remain Other. No alliance votes are attributed to individual member parties. An interval is withheld if either election has no list mapped to an explicit named group. This is aggregate share change, not individual voter switching. Event review: Actual-event and/or comparability review incomplete

Comparison status: Latest interval

Method pedersen.grouped.v1. Inputs: groups=["PLN","PUSC","PAC","Frente Amplio","PRN","Nueva Republica","PML","PIN","PASE","PRSC","PLP","PPSD","Other"], interval=Latest interval, vectors=[[41.52334152334152,45.82309582309583,0,0,0,9.95085995085995,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.7027027027027026],[64.57564575645756,8.118081180811808,4.305043050430505,0,2.5830258302583027,0,0,20.41820418204182,0,0,0,0,0],[45.59043348281016,7.623318385650224,13.303437967115098,2.8400597907324365,0,0,0,0,0,6.726457399103139,0,0,23.916292974588938]]

pedersen volatility

Provisional volatility

42.48percentage points

Grouped Pedersen lower bound (percentage points). Twelve explicitly named standalone national parties; accent variants normalized. Local parties and coalitions remain Other. No alliance votes are attributed to individual member parties. An interval is withheld if either election has no list mapped to an explicit named group. This is aggregate share change, not individual voter switching. Event review: Actual-event and/or comparability review incomplete

Comparison status: Previous interval

Method pedersen.grouped.v1. Inputs: groups=["PLN","PUSC","PAC","Frente Amplio","PRN","Nueva Republica","PML","PIN","PASE","PRSC","PLP","PPSD","Other"], interval=Previous interval, vectors=[[41.52334152334152,45.82309582309583,0,0,0,9.95085995085995,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.7027027027027026],[64.57564575645756,8.118081180811808,4.305043050430505,0,2.5830258302583027,0,0,20.41820418204182,0,0,0,0,0],[45.59043348281016,7.623318385650224,13.303437967115098,2.8400597907324365,0,0,0,0,0,6.726457399103139,0,0,23.916292974588938]]

pedersen volatility

Provisional volatility

46.42percentage points

Grouped Pedersen lower bound (percentage points). Twelve explicitly named standalone national parties; accent variants normalized. Local parties and coalitions remain Other. No alliance votes are attributed to individual member parties. An interval is withheld if either election has no list mapped to an explicit named group. This is aggregate share change, not individual voter switching. Event review: Actual-event and/or comparability review incomplete

Comparison status: Both intervals mean

Method pedersen.grouped.v1. Inputs: groups=["PLN","PUSC","PAC","Frente Amplio","PRN","Nueva Republica","PML","PIN","PASE","PRSC","PLP","PPSD","Other"], interval=Both intervals mean, vectors=[[41.52334152334152,45.82309582309583,0,0,0,9.95085995085995,0,0,0,0,0,0,2.7027027027027026],[64.57564575645756,8.118081180811808,4.305043050430505,0,2.5830258302583027,0,0,20.41820418204182,0,0,0,0,0],[45.59043348281016,7.623318385650224,13.303437967115098,2.8400597907324365,0,0,0,0,0,6.726457399103139,0,0,23.916292974588938]]

Source-reported control: Unverified. Current tenure requires separate dated evidence.

5. Officeholder evidence

Dated roster observations are not automatically current tenure. The source current-office flag means this office is tracked now, not that the last winner still holds it.

Officeholder observations
PersonRoleAs ofAffiliationPrincipal?
DIEGO ARMANDO ROJAS ZAMORASINDICATURAS PROPIETARIO2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAprincipal
LLENDRY DE LOS ANGELES CORRALES RODRIGUEZSINDICATURAS SUPLENTE2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAsubstitute
KATTIA VANESSA VILLEGAS SALAZARCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIAS2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAprincipal
MARIO ANDRES VARGAS MENACONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIAS2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAprincipal
NORBERTO CAMBRONERO ALPIZARCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIAS2024LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
ANGELA MARIELA MORA CORTESCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIAS2024LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
DANIELA VILLALOBOS ALFAROCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAsubstitute
GERALD JOSUE ARAYA LOBOCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2024UNIDAD SOCIAL CRISTIANAsubstitute
MANUEL ANGEL ARAYA ZUÑIGACONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2024LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
CINDY PATRICIA MUÑOZ FERNANDEZCONCEJALÍAS DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2024LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
WETFALIA PEREZ CARVAJALSÍNDICOS(AS) PROPIETARIA2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
JOSE RAFAEL CAMPOS RODRIGUEZSÍNDICOS(AS) SUPLENTE2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
MARJORIE JARA ROJASCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
NORBERTO CAMBRONERO ALPIZARCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
MARIA BEILA LOBO MONTEROCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
ROSARIO RODRIGUEZ CHACONCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2020INTEGRACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
CARLOS LUIS ESQUIVEL RODRIGUEZCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
ANGELA MARIELA MORA CORTESCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
MANUEL ANGEL ARAYA ZUÑIGACONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2020LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
JEAN CARLO NUÑEZ CASTROCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2020INTEGRACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
GIOVANNI GARCIA CHAVARRIASÍNDICOS(AS) PROPIETARIO2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
ROSARIO RODRIGUEZ CHACONSÍNDICOS(AS) SUPLENTE2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
ANA LORENA NUÑEZ MOYACONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
JOSE HERNALDO SALAS ZUMBADOCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALprincipal
LLENDRY DE LOS ANGELES CORRALES RODRIGUEZCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2016NUEVA GENERACIÓNprincipal
REBECA MARIA RETANA RAMIREZCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO PROPIETARIOS(AS)2016ACCIÓN CIUDADANAprincipal
MARTA MARIA NUÑEZ JIMENEZCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
NORBERTO CAMBRONERO ALPIZARCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2016LIBERACIÓN NACIONALsubstitute
CARLOS LUIS VILLALOBOS SALASCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2016NUEVA GENERACIÓNsubstitute
DEILY RODRIGUEZ RAMIREZCONCEJALES DE DISTRITO SUPLENTES2016ACCIÓN CIUDADANAsubstitute

6. Polling context

No local poll supplied.

7. Unresolved issues and sources

  • other · open

    Published province heading correction: {"issue": "Published province heading correction", "year": 2020, "area": "Heredia", "source_id": "S41377daad8", "resolution": "The amendment corrects CARTAGO to HEREDIA in the second table heading. It changes no votes, winners or seats; the original declaration is joined to Heredia."}

Sources

Cite this record

Center for Digital Democracy. “VOLIO — Syndic and district council — shared ballot.” Subnational Election Observatory, releaselatin-america-fe5e91689def, snapshot 2026-09-13. /electiondatabase/offices/CR-D-ALAJUELA-SAN-RAMON-VOLIO. Sources: costa-rica--url-ae6cfb21525f974d8912a00e, costa-rica--url-9b0bf8940eb485b811da317e, costa-rica--url-f8a1e09c9e89a7e5e9c55114, costa-rica--Sc1df243471, costa-rica--Sfc698ffe74, costa-rica--Sfa91292290, costa-rica--Sbe144212a4, costa-rica--S79669f3e5d, costa-rica--S7a26c9447a.